Effect of Cylinder-by-Cylinder Variation on Performance and Gaseous Emissions of a PFI Spark Ignition Engine: Experimental and 1D Numerical Study

Combustion stability, engine efficiency and emissions in a multi-cylinder spark-ignition internal combustion engines can be improved through the advanced control optimization of individual cylinder operation. In this work, experimental numerical analyses were carried out on twin-cylinder turbocharged port fuel injection (PFI) to evaluate influence cylinder-by-cylinder variation performance pollutant emissions. first stage, tests are performed at different speed/load points exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates, covering operating conditions typical Worldwide harmonized Light-duty vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC). Measurements highlighted relevant differences evolution between cylinders, mainly due non-uniform effective in-cylinder air/fuel ratio. Experimental data utilized validate one-dimensional (1D) model, enhanced with user-defined sub-models turbulence, combustion, heat transfer noxious The model shows satisfactory accuracy reproducing each temperature gases turbine inlet. species (HC, CO NOx) predicted by show good agreement ones measured exhaust. Furthermore, impact gaseous is also satisfactorily reproduced. novel contribution present work consists extended numerical/experimental analysis effects engines. proposed methodology represents valuable tool support design calibration, aim improve both